The Role of Food In Ms. Greenwoods Downfall - Literature Essay Samples

Throughout Sylvia Plath’s The Bell Jar, we are faced with Esther Greenwood’s continual downfall as her mind sinks deeper into depression; however, Esther’s one nearly consistent source of enjoyment is found in food. Esther’s experience in New York City is highlighted with rich foods like stuffed avocados and bowls of caviar. Not only do these indulgences serve as an escape for Esther, but food also represents the choices that Esther is presented with in her life. The difference between her choices in life and her choices with food is that when she chooses to eat two plates of chicken and caviar, the stuffed avocados do not disappear from the table. However, once she chooses to marry Buddy Willard, she is no longer able to go to Europe and fall in love. Food offers Esther the ability to make one choice without eliminating others – something that life is not allowing her. This simple fact gives her an escape from the decisions she is being forced to m ake.At the beginning of Chapter Three, Esther states quite plainly, â€Å"I’m not quite sure why it is, but I love food more than just about anything else† (24). Esther is declaring that food gives her something that nothing else can satisfy, something that satisfies more than just hunger. Although she says that she cannot specifically say what it is she loves so much about food, it is easy to see that food offers her innumerable choices that never cancel each other out; some of them even fulfill a sense of nostalgia. Esther mentions that she can eat as much food as she wants without gaining weight, which just further illustrates the fact that Esther can indulge in anything without having any consequences. The limitless possibilities of food entice Esther and lures her away from the complications and finality of decision making that she is faced with. One of the great metaphors in The Bell Jar is the way that Esther compares her life to a fig tree. â€Å"I saw my life branching out before me like the green fig tree from the story. From the tip of every branch, like a fat purple fig, a wonderful future beckoned and winked†¦I saw myself sitting in the crotch of this fig tree, starving to death, just because I couldn’t make up my mind which of the figs I would choose† (77). The image that this brings to the reader is at first a very beautiful one, but then we see Esther wither away in indecision. The fact that her possible futures are â€Å"fat purple figs† shows, once again, the importance of food in her life and how it can represent decisions. However, Esther is only allowed to choose one of these beautiful fruits, unlike the bountiful selection she has when choosing what to eat. Shortly after her â€Å"vision of the fig tree and all the fat figs that withered and fell to the earth,† (78) she was able to eat and consequently felt â€Å"immensely better† (78), again proving the comforting qualities that food gives Esther. Ms. Greenwood is essentially using food in an escapist way that comforts her and relieves her otherwise inescapable problems. Not only does food represent all of the choices that she is not able to make, but it also gives her a way to experience some of the things she felt she was missing out on. In particular, when Constantin takes her down to his restaurant that â€Å"smelt of herbs and spices and sour cream† (77) she is effectively transported somewhere that she has never been. The restaurant was hidden away in a sort of cellar and the walls were plastered with travel posters that sweep the mind away to far off destinations. Not only does this environment take her away, but the food that follows consoles her to the point that she decides to let Constantin to seduce her (77), something she surely would not have done without the intoxicating environment and comforting food. Avocados are another consoling food for Esther and have a special place in her heart. T hey bring up memories of her grandfather and her childhood, apparently the only time she remembers being truly happy. â€Å"Avocados are my favorite fruit†¦He [her grandfather] taught me how to eat avocados by melting grape jelly and French dressing together in a saucepan and filling the cup of the pear with the garnet sauce. I felt homesick for that sauce. The crabmeat tasted bland in comparison† (28). This section brings the reader back to Esther’s humble childhood especially when she announces that she feels â€Å"homesick for that sauce† because you can really feel her yearning. Also, her comparison of the crabmeat to the simple sauce shows that although she relishes the haute couture of New York City living, she will always appreciate the simplicity of her childhood. Doreen’s parting gift to Esther was two-dozen avocados. The fact that Doreen knew of Esther’s affection for these fruits demonstrates how Esther is nearly defined by her stro ng love of food. These 24 avocados took up all of Esther’s suitcase, leaving room for only The Thirty Best Short Stories of the Year, a white plastic sunglasses case and no clothes whatsoever. If we look at Esther’s suitcase as a proportionate metaphor to what she finds most important in her life, food would be considered number one. Esther also seems to have a strange fondness for the avocados in her suitcase since she describes their shifting weight as how â€Å"they cannoned from one end to the other with a special little thunder of their own† (113). She seems to almost admire the power of fruit that she is carrying and seems proud to have them. Esther’s emotional ties with food are especially clear when she is evaluating her relationship with avocados.When Esther arrives home after her internship in New York City, she almost immediately finds out that she did not make the course that she had been hoping to take. One of the first things she does after that is â€Å"drop a raw egg into a teacup of raw hamburger, mix it up and [eat] it,† (119) something that seems very strange and quite disgusting. The two ingredients, hamburger and eggs, are American staples and a common find in any kitchen during the fifties. This drastic change from fancy New York dining to domestic cuisine signifies the change that Esther is about to undergo. Also, the fact that both of these ingredients are raw alludes to Esther’s ideology about the current world she is forced to live in. â€Å"Raw,† as defined by The New Oxford American Dictionary, is â€Å"frank and realistic in the depiction of unpleasant facts or situations,† which is exactly the way Esther sees the world around her. She will not accept the sugarcoated version that society is trying to sell her. Ideas about how the perfect life is getting married and having children do not appeal to Esther and she sees straight through the faà §ade. As Esther continues to fall deeper and deeper into her depressive state, she nearly quits eating altogether. She also stops sleeping and reading, two other very essential things in her life. The absence of her enthusiasm for food shows how far the depression has taken her. Since she no longer indulges herself in food and no longer has any desire to, she is not able to escape from the problems that haunt her. Throughout her whole experiences in three different mental institutions, food is only mentioned once or twice, and it is not in very appealing contexts. During the chaotic dinner scene in one of the institutions, Esther notes â€Å"Now I knew perfectly well you didn’t serve two kinds of beans together at a meal. Beans and carrots, or beans and peas, maybe, but never beans and beans. The Negro was just trying to see how much we would take† (181). Her mental note of this shows the reader that she still has some respect for food and knows the proper taboos that surround them. Food has not comp letely left her consciousness. However, Esther is being exposed to food that she describes as â€Å"stiff, green straws [green beans]† (181) or â€Å"stone cold and stuck together in a gluey paste [macaroni]† (181) which is not the creamy avocados she is used to. The low quality food served at the institutions offers her no escape and does not present any desirable options for her.One of her first experiences out of the institutions is her date with Irwin where she drinks beer and devours escargot. â€Å"I picked up my empty snail shell and drank the herb-green juice. I had no idea if this was proper, but after months of wholesome, dull asylum diet, I was greedy for butter† (227). This dinner, combined with Esther’s newfound freedom and confidence in contraception, quickly leads to sex with Irwin. Although it is a much less exciting and far messier experience than Esther intended it to be, it shows that food not only gives Esther comfort, but also gives h er poise and confidence. The revitalizing effects that food has on Esther are undeniable and are clearly seen throughout The Bell Jar. Not only does food offer Esther an escape to a different time or place, but it also gives her a variety of options to choose from and the best part is that she can choose more than just one. Food commonly brings up emotions for many people, not just Esther. Especially in American society, food is glorified and seen as a solution to many people’s everyday problems. Esther is not alone in seeking out food to resolve her daily issues and it is a much healthier outlet than alcohol or other substances. Food, however, does not prevent Esther’s depression from spiraling out of control – once it hits, her appetite is gone. It is only when the bell jar is suspended a few feet above her head (215) she is able to take pleasure in the comforts that food offers her. It is impossible to know whether food will be able to sustain her mind if the bell jar descends once more and she is forced to actually face the decisions she has been avoiding in her life.

Mental Health Awareness And Improvement Act - 802 Words

Mental Health Awareness and Improvement Act The shortage of aid for treating mental health disorders is often disregarded as inconsequential because of a lack of awareness surrounding the subject. Both the general public and policy makers seem blind to the prevalence of the problem, even though mental illness affects 1 in 5 Americans and costs the country an estimated $247 billion dollars annually (Blumenthal, 2015). The Mental Health Awareness and Improvement Act of 2015 was written to address mental health issues and the problems surrounding lack of awareness; it seeks to provide early intervention and treatment through symptom awareness training, removal of barriers to treatment, and expansion of knowledge on how to treat mental health illnesses. (â€Å"Alexander, Murray Introduce,† 2015). Part A: Legislation and Political Context The Mental Health Awareness and Improvement Act of 2015 (MHAIA) looks at who is available in the community to help individuals suffering with mental illness, and builds on programs to train these individuals in awareness and intervention so that they can respond effectively to individuals with mental health and substance abuse disorders. (Petruzzelli, 2015). MHAIA reauthorizes federal grants given to states for mental health awareness training; the grants are used to train nonprofit organizations Indian tribes, emergency personnel, school faculty, and others in how to recognize the signs and symptoms of mental illness, to know the resourcesShow MoreRelatedMental Health Awareness And Improvement Act Of 20132897 Words   |  12 Pages S.689: Mental Health Awareness and Improvement Act of 2013 Introduction In the course of proper identification, evaluation, and treatment, children and adolescents suffering with mental illness can conduct positive, normal lives. Nevertheless, the devastating majority of children with mental illnesses are unsuccessfully identified and the lack of treatment or support services have led to a subordinate worth of life and violence. The Mental Health Awareness and Improvement Act of 2013 (S. 689)Read MoreMental Health Awareness And Improvement Act Of 2015972 Words   |  4 PagesMental Health is a state of social, emotional and psychological well-being. Mental health affects every part of our life and determines our ability to function, handle stress and make decisions. Throughout life, we have good and bad experiences which affect how we handle situations. The Mental Health Awareness and Improvement Act of 2015 was passed on September 30, 2015. The purpose of this act is to improve programs ordered by the Department of Health and Human Services to increase awareness, preventionRead MoreThe Mental Illness Of The United States Essay1652 Words   |  7 Pagesare many people in the United States that have a mental illness that is either not able to be treated or is never diagnosed at all. This is because treatment is very expensive and hard to access, and without proactive care of the mentally ill there can be various unfortunate outcomes, sadly including, death. So, why is access to mental health care so limited and what is the government of Ohio doing to solve it and what else should be done? Mental illnesses are very common in the United States,Read MoreLack Of Treatment For Mental Illness1523 Words   |  7 Pages Problem Statement: The World Health Association defines ‘good’ health as: â€Å"a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.† However, in the United States, access to care and funding for mental health care are grossly neglected and underfunded in comparison to other aspects of health care. At the individual level, lack of proper treatment for poor mental health and mental illness has a detrimental effect. 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This can affect the health of children and lead to psychological disorders. While it seems impossible to completely eliminate childhood poverty, there are numerous strategies that c an be used to help reduce the number of children living in poverty. The government plays a roleRead MoreBirth Defects in differenct Cultures1229 Words   |  5 Pages Since the 1960s, the federal government introduced ways that mentally ill patients could live outside a mental hospital, where they were confined from the general public, and live a normal life. Many communities and mental centers were built to allow continuous and efficient care for those patients from their homes. Yet, the question remains whether or not the whole world has accepted mental illnesses. Many believe that the mentally ill should be hidden from society out of shame and humiliation

The Controversial Issue Of Gun Control - 1161 Words

The controversial issue of gun control is one of the most debatable topics among politicians and civilians alike. This is because of the complexity of gun control and the long history that is related to the subject. Gun control is typically an effort, by the government, to create legislation that regulates the sale and use of firearms within the country. There are various arguments that surround this topic which include gun-related violence, accidents, self-defense, murders, suicide, constitutional rights, and so on. James Q. Wilson, a professor who has taught at Pepperdine University, Harvard University, and the University of California, Los Angeles, and a published author of several books, take a negative stance on the subject of gun control. Wilson contributed to the gun control debate in the last few years with his written op-ed article. According to Wilson, there is no possible method to eradicate the hundreds and millions of guns that exist within the country, restrictive gun l aws will not significantly affect the United States’ murder rate, and that guns play an important role in self-defense in everyday lives. Contrary to what Wilson believes, strict gun control is necessary and should be enforced to ensure public safety because gun laws have the power to produce a positive outcome in the long run, reduce gun-related violence, and reduce the numerous risks that gun ownership open. There are many people, including Professor Wilson, who claim that there are alreadyShow MoreRelatedGun Control : A Controversial Issue For More Than A Century1044 Words   |  5 PagesFontana Criminal Justice 3-19-15 Gun Control Gun control has been a controversial issue for more than a century, and there is yet to be a definitive solution or consensus. 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Also, a majority of gun owners feel that owning a firearm is the best way to protect themselves at home. With the large number of guns said to be in America, there needs to be a way to prevent the number of frequently occurring mass shootings. The solution to this issue is called gun control. Gun control needs to be implied more in our society because gun related crimes are mostly

Nursing Clinical Skill Reflection

Question: Discuss about theNursingfor Clinical Skill Reflection. Answer: Introduction The clinical practices are the combination of professional knowledge, skills, culture, attitude, behaviour and personal perceptions. Any individual has to modify all these features to become a clinical professional. The personal reflection is a tool to analyse the development of these features in once perception while performing as a healthcare professional (Morris Faulk, 2012, pp.67). This essay is one such attempt by me as a learner where I am going to explain the importance and value of personal reflection in nursing followed by reflecting on one of my clinical skill (taking observations of the patient). This clinical skill is analysed by detecting my strengths and weaknesses in practice as a clinical nurse. As a Practice Nurse, I am reflecting on one of my clinical practice where I was allocated to take physical and psychological observations of one patient. Value and Importance of Personal Reflection in Nursing Personal reflection is described as essential human activity that recaptures the experience for which critical thinking is developed and mindful evaluation is performed for better learning and improvement (Dossey et al. 2012, pp. 98). As nursing profession is the collaborative functionality of personal and theoretical knowledge, the clinical reflection works as a tool for life-long learning, self-insight, awareness and development (Bulman, Lathlean Gobbi, 2012 pp. 12). According to Borders (2014 pp. 160), personal reflection helps to establish high care standards, patient centred care, professionalism and honesty towards perceptions. Further, reflection also helps to implement the best use of knowledge, eliminate past mistakes, confront and repair professional knowledge base. Horsfall, Cleary and Hunt (2012 pp. 931) opine that personal reflection is the foundation of meaningful nursing practice by gaining wisdom, connecting with truth and approaching excellence in healthcare. Sumner (2010 pp. 162) indicated that when dealing with the human body and mind the chances of repetitive error should be very less or negligible because the error once occurred can bring drastic outcomes. Therefore, personal reflection works as a tool to minimise the changes of such error by detecting and correcting them selflessly. Blum, Borglund and Parcells (2010 pp. 34) considered personal reflection as a spiritual act where nurse establishes a connection between inner self and outer world for humanness of their patient and establishing healthy relationships. Decker et al. (2013 pp. 28) studied that self-reflection based on critical thinking, reviewing, analysing and evaluating experiences to develop conclusion works as a positive future action for effective nursing practice. Las tly, Green, Wyllie and Jackson (2014 pp. 6) indicated that personal reflection helps to develop a critical, autonomous and advanced practitioner in nursing practice. Reflection on Clinical Skill (taking Observations) Performed as a Professional Nurse The clinical practices for taking observation varies as per their aim and process depending on factors like intensity, engagement, frequency, duration and watching from distance. The need of observation depends on potential risk, physical condition and therapeutic engagement (Morris and Faulk, 2012 pp. 86). As a practising nurse, my purpose of taking observation was to access the physical and psychological health of the patient with constant (arms length) level of observation. I adopted some of the most essential qualities to perform an effective observation that involves critical analysis of patient, environment, effective patient centred communication, systematic assessment and team functioning with a step-by-step approach. In the first step of my observation, I entered the patients room performing an environmental analysis to detect the availability of required equipments, room conditions and hygiene as well as hand hygiene requirements. Borders (2014 pp. 155) indicated that nurses should carefully perform patient observance, environment observance and essential requirements while entering the patient room. Further, Sumner (2010 pp. 167) also stated that hand hygiene is a major requirement before and after patient assessment, observation and care, therefore, it is essential equipment for care process. Therefore, as per my theoretical knowledge, I performed these initial steps of observations. Horsfall, Cleary and Hunt (2012 pp. 933) indicated that collecting background information about history, past experience, on-going health issues etc. helps in effective observation process, therefore, I collected all possible background information from other caregivers involves in the treatment process of this specific patient. Further, before initiating one-to-one observation, Blum, Borglund and Parcells (2010 pp. 31) indicated that it is required for a professional to inform the patient about this observation, its purpose and process. The observation changes and processes should also be communicated followed by regular feedback regarding the experience of the patient. I took this initiative by communicating complete information about observation to my patient. However, I missed the step of collecting patient feedback after each observation due to my panic for completing with observation process within the limited time duration. Even Williams and Stickley (2010 pp. 753) studied that nurses should invite patient for suggesting the ways for taking observations, for example, nurses can ask patient questions like How should we catch up? but I realised that my clinical observation process was very professional creating a discomfort to my patient. This process should occur at the beginning of observation, however, I realised that I missed patient consent before starting my observation process. This can be considered as a major error of my clinical skill. According to Sumner (2010 pp. 164) taking observation is not only a physical visualising but it is the combination of physical sighting followed by mental sighting with effective communication. The nurses should adopt the formal and informal communication strategies while taking the observation to get best possible information about the patient condition. While taking observations I adopted best possible strategies to perform effective communication by asking the patient about their pain, assessing patient consciousness, medication details, on-going treatments, eating and drinking habits, urinary and faecal elimination. Further, I documented all the information and detected problems as per clinical standards. After these initial observations, I performed a complete vital sign assessment involving temperature, respiration, pulse, blood pressure, blood glucose, oxygen levels, and body mass index. Borders (2014 pp. 156) indicated that vital sign assessment is a complete observation of physical, psychological and environmental stressors. Further, a Mental State Examination (MSE) was performed to determine the overall psychological observations. McDonald et al. (2012 pp. 380) studied that MSE covers complete assessment to the mental health condition that can detect symptoms and dynamics of any mental health disorder. Therefore, I consider it as a suitable tool for my patient observation process. According to Blum, Borglund and Parcells (2010 pp. 33) nursing responsibility involves maintaining standards, right skill mix, seeking advice and right resources while practising with the patient. I tried to accommodate all these responsibilities as a professional in my clinical skills process, but I detected that my observation process was lacking advice from other healthcare professionals. I didnt even involved expert advice while developing my observation protocol and report. This can be considered as a professional error highlighting lack of experience and professionalism in my nursing practice. My lack of experience, the limited time duration for observations and negligence were some of the defects that created issues and defects in my observation practice. However, I was perfect in taking observations, patient communication, creating awareness, my attitude, perception and performance but I lacked professionalism, experience, team functionality and ethical stability (not taking patient consent) in my clinical skill practice. DeBrew and Lewallen (2014 pp. 635) indicated that patient consent is a formal process that is considered to be mandatory for any clinical practice. If there is the requirement or not it is the duty of professional to attain informal or formal consent from patient as per Australian code of nursing ethics. Therefore, I need to work on some of these professional errors to establish a perfect clinical practice. Conclusion As per this study, it is clear that clinical self-reflection makes it very tranquil and easy to detect the error committed by oneself in clinical practice. It is an important tool to judge oneself by thinking, analysing and evaluating once experience and practice. My self-reflection on clinical skill of taking observation was perfect in terms of my practice, communication, personal perceptions and performance but it also highlighted lacking professional experience, ethical standards and team engagement in my practice. These errors are generally not detectable but they can create a risk situation for the patient if continued in nursing practice. Therefore, I strictly need to concentrate on these specific errors for improving my professional practice to address my professional goals in healthcare scenario. References Books Dossey, B.M., Certificate, C.D.I.N.C., Keegan, L. Co-Director International Nurse Coach Association, 2012.Holistic nursing. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Morris, A.H. Faulk, D.R., 2012.Transformative learning in nursing: A guide for nurse educators. Springer Publishing Company. Journals Blum, C.A., Borglund, S. Parcells, D., 2010. High-fidelity nursing simulation: Impact on student self-confidence and clinical competence.International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship,7(1), pp. 31-34. Borders, L.D., 2014. Best practices in clinical supervision: Another step in delineating effective supervision practice.American journal of psychotherapy, 68(2), pp.151-162. Bulman, C., Lathlean, J. Gobbi, M., 2012. The concept of reflection in nursing: qualitative findings on student and teacher perspectives.Nurse education today,32(5), pp.e8-e13. DeBrew, J.K. Lewallen, L.P., 2014. To pass or to fail? Understanding the factors considered by faculty in the clinical evaluation of nursing students.Nurse education today,34(4), pp.631-636. Decker, S., Fey, M., Sideras, S., Caballero, S., Boese, T., Franklin, A.E., Gloe, D., Lioce, L., Sando, C.R., Meakim, C. Borum, J.C., 2013. Standards of best practice: Simulation standard VI: The debriefing process.Clinical Simulation in Nursing,9(6), pp.S26-S29. Green, J., Wyllie, A. Jackson, D., 2014. Electronic portfolios in nursing education: a review of the literature.Nurse education in practice,14(1), pp.4-8. Horsfall, J., Cleary, M. Hunt, G.E., 2012. Developing a pedagogy for nursing teachinglearning.Nurse education today,32(8), pp.930-933. McDonald, G., Jackson, D., Wilkes, L. Vickers, M.H., 2012. A work-based educational intervention to support the development of personal resilience in nurses and midwives.Nurse education today,32(4), pp.378-384. Sumner, J., 2010. Reflection and moral maturity in a nurse's caring practice: a critical perspective.Nursing Philosophy,11(3), pp.159-169. Williams, J. Stickley, T., 2010. Empathy and nurse education.Nurse education today,30(8), pp.752-755.

Spin

Article summary The article â€Å"Spin-Out Management: Theory and Practice† encourages managers to have effective organizational structures. A powerful organizational structure promotes â€Å"the best leadership practices, business models, and decision-making processes† (Jagersman and van Gorp 17).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Spin-Out Management: Theory and Practice specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to the authors, Spin-Out Management makes it easier for business organizations to diversify their operations. This strategy encourages firms â€Å"to produce independent business activities† (Jagersman and van Gorp 16). This practice â€Å"enhances the innovative aspects of a business† (Jones 34). The approach also increases the level of profitability. This model encourages companies to produce powerful structures that can support their potentials. The article examin es how different companies such as Dell Computers, 4BB, and Infopulse have used the above model effectively. Businesses should â€Å"identify their objectives, budgets, scopes, and penetration strategies before embracing the Spin-Out Management model† (Jagersman and van Gorp 23). Relating the article to the class materials Managers should understand the relevance of Theory, Design, and Change. This article begins by examining the issues affecting many organizations today. The theoretical argument explores the importance of an effective organizational structure. This practice can produce the best behaviors and strategies in every firm. Managers should also identify the best organizational designs in order to achieve their goals. Organizational change is â€Å"a powerful concept that supports the needs of different companies† (Jagersman and van Gorp 19). These arguments support the concepts and lessons covered in class. A â€Å"weak organizational structure will make it impossible for a company to realize its potentials† (Jagersman and van Gorp 21). A powerful â€Å"business model will add value to different stakeholders† (Jagersman and van Gorp 16). The authors examine the strategies adopted by several companies in order to achieve their potentials. The presented companies have embraced the importance of the above model. The article identifies powerful aspects that can make many businesses successful. The class readings have supported the importance of â€Å"employee motivation, powerful leadership concepts, decision-making practices, Product Development Process (PDP), and organizational transparency† (Jones 28). These concepts explain why companies such as Dell Computers realized their potentials.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Practical application The above article supports the changing needs of differen t organizations. Many companies â€Å"lack effective organizational structures and business models† (Jagersman and van Gorp 16). A powerful â€Å"Spin-Out Business Model can redefine the performance of many firms† (Jagersman and van Gorp 16). Proper leadership â€Å"can also support the targeted horizontal synergy† (Jones 43). Businesses should therefore use powerful organizational philosophies in order to achieve their objectives.  The article offers useful ideas that can support different organizational changes. For instance, managers should support the changing demands of their stakeholders. Organizational leaders should also â€Å"hire and retain individuals with the best talents and skills† (Jones 48). They should also use different Product Development Processes (PDPs) in order to achieve their potentials. Managers should â€Å"also promote transparency and commitment in their businesses† (Jones 83). Managers should also manage the financial records of their respective companies. Relevance to organizational change and execution The above article offers powerful concepts that can support the goals of many firms. The article explains how businesses can use the above modules to achieve their goals. The article also highlights â€Å"the significance of a powerful organizational structure† (Jones 98). This structure will encourage a company to widen its objectives and goals. The authors identify the best practices that can support every organizational change. The concepts presented in the article can support the diverse needs of different firms. In conclusion, this article offers useful ideas and evidence-based strategies that can support every organizational change. Works Cited Jagersman, Pieter and Desiree van Gorp. â€Å"Spin-Out Management: Theory and Practice.† Business Horizons 1.1 (2003): 15-23. Print. Jones, Gareth. Organizational Theory, Design, and Change. Upper-Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2012. Print.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Spin-Out Management: Theory and Practice specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This critical writing on Spin-Out Management: Theory and Practice was written and submitted by user Emery Yang to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

MOZAMBIQUE essays

MOZAMBIQUE essays Mozambique is a country located on the southeast coast of Africa. It covers 308,642 square miles and has a population of about sixteen million. Maputo is the capitol, largest city, and chief port. Mozambique was governed by Portugal from the early 1500's until 1975 when it became independent after a ten year struggle against Portuguese Mozambique is now controlled by Frelimo (the front for the liberation of Mozambique) the nations only political party. The president of Frelimo is also the nations president. Mozambiques highest governmental power lies with the parties central committee which is made up of fifteen members appointed by Frelimo. This party appoints the two hundred and ten members of the peoples assembly,(Mozambiques legislative body).This group meets twice a year. It's permanent committee handles legislative matters between Most Mozambicans are black Africans. Other groups such as Arabs, Europeans, and Pakistanis make up less than one percent of the population. Most blacks belong to groups that speak one of the Bantu languages. The largest of these groups, the Makua-Lomwe, accounts for forty percent of the population. The countries official language is Portuguese but few blacks can speak it. Some Mozambicans speak English when conducting business Most Mozambicans are farmers with extremely simple techniques although farmers in some areas of the country use modern techniques. Fifty five percent of the people of Mozambique practice traditional African religions. Of this large group, many are animists who believe that everything in nature has a soul. Others worship spirits of their ancestors. About thirty percent of the population is Christian, mostly Roman Catholic. Only about twenty five percent of Mozambiques people fifteen or older ...

Absurdity Of Existence Illustrated In Dumb Waiter

Absurdity Of Existence Illustrated In Dumb Waiter ‘There are no hard distinctions between what is real and what is unreal, nor between what is true and what is false. A thing is not necessarily either true or false; it can be both true and false’. I believe that these assertions still make sense and do still apply to the exploration of reality through art. So as a writer I stand by them but as a citizen I cannot. As a citizen I must ask: What is true? What is false?’ ( Harold Pinter ) The theme of nothingness is one of the major themes discussed in existentialism, which, while pervading the movement, shows a common affinity between the Absurd and Existentialism rejecting all of the philosophies, sciences, political theories, and religions which fail to mirror manà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s essence as a conscious being. Existentialism discovers and discusses the themes and topics which present a living crueler, darker, and more hopeless than a naturalistic or modern one. Existentialism had a great influence on the thinkers and artists of the time, an influence which led them to the revision of their insight concerning man and his position in the universe. Pinter, like existentialists is involved in the discord of living. His characterization reveals the same anguish apparent in Existentialism. Almost all of the writers who had influenced Pinterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s dramaturgy (concerning Dumb Waiter, Pinterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s work is heavily influenced by Samuel Beckett) were either founders or forerunners of the avant-garde Theatre of the Absurd. Pinter sees the funny side of the absurd. Since there is nothing for Pinter that is not funny, he employs a comic way of expression to laugh at everything, even at the tragic parts of existence. In a Pinter play, the apparently funny scene (considering Dumb Waiter, the scene in which Ben rushes toward Gus in a very threatening way) is simultaneously frightening and inhumane in terms of what the characters are experiencing. The Dumb Waiter, like many other Pinter pla ys, follows the relationship by which the nature of the man-to-man connection is analyzed. In it nothing is ever accomplished through dialogue. Most human interaction in day-to-day life accomplishes nothing more than passing time. Therefore when reading, or indeed watching the play we are overwhelmed by the futility of existence. Most conversation that occurs between Ben and Gus are pointless, and each character has trouble dealing with each other, and therefore, society. The characters are situated in a world where dream and the real are mixed up, tragic and comic are interwoven, the choice becomes a real catastrophe, and disconnected situations are what determine the individualsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ prospect of the future life. The two killers in The Dumb Waiter are locked up in a room before they carry out their killing. Pinter contrasts the violence of their jobs with their commonplace language and concerns; on the surface we have a bare plot accompanying with a complex implication un derneath it. It reveals a more complex reality that is not comprehensible when observed superficially; such themes as loneliness, lack of communication, fear of the world outside, and the terror of future become the major concern of the absurdist writer. It probes into the essence of manà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s position in the universe and his inquiry for knowledge. The two characters on the stage, though apparently limited and undeveloped, examine a deeper and wider extent of human existence in which man is a play-thing employed by some superior beings (here someone called Wilson whose identity is unclear) to play their roles on the stage like puppets of no importance. Unaware Gus asks many questions, inquiring for knowledge, attempting to step beyond oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s limitations, an attempt which is futile in existentialism. Gus is the one who commits the crime and wants to transcend and find the cause-and-effect relationship in the course of the events, while, since the effect in exis tentialism precedes the cause, reasoning is an absurd thing. However, Gusà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s desire for knowledge is discernible from the very beginning of the play: Ben. Kaw! What about this? Listen to this! He refers to the paper A man of eighty-seven wanted to cross the road. But there was a lot of traffic, see? He couldnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸t see how he was going to squeeze through. So he crawled under a lorry. Gus. He what? Ben. He crawled under a lorry. A stationary lorry. Gus. No? Ben. The lorry started and ran over him. Gus. Go on! Ben. Thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s what it says here. Gus. Get away. Ben. Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s enough to make you want to puke, isnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸t it? Gus. Who advised him to do a thing like that? Ben. A man of eighty-seven crawling under a lorry! Gus. Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s unbelievable. Ben. Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s down here in black and white. Gus. Incredible. Or considering another part of the play: GUS I asked you a question. BEN Enough! GUS (with growing agitation). I asked you before. Who moved in? You said the people who had it before moved out. Well, who moved in? BEN (hunched). Shut up GUS I told you, didn’t I? BEN (standing). Shut up! GUS (feverishly). I told you before who owned this place, didn’t I? I told you BEN hits him viciously on the shoulder. I told you who ran this place, didn’t I? BEN hits him viciously on the shoulder As it is seen in this opening conversation, It is clear here that Gus is no longer the uncertain and subservient partner. Gus questions the possibility of that event in the society. He is looking for the cause, the origin or motivation by asking, â€Å"Who advised him to do a thing like that?† Meanwhile, Ben accepts it as it is without questioning its possibility. â€Å"Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s down here in black and white†, he simply states. Gus wants to know more about his job, about the disorders he sees in the basement or those who are on the upper floor. It is this perpetual questio ning that entrants him as the victim of the final scene. He is Benà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s Labrador, doing exactly as told as if he were unable to think for himself. Gus questions everything: Oh, I wanted to ask you something? . . . Gus. What time is he getting in touch? Ben reads. What time is he getting in touch? Ben. Whatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s the matter with you? It could be any time. Any time . . à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Gus (moves to the foot of Ben’s bed).Well, I was going to ask you a question. Ben. What? Gus. Have you noticed the time that tank takes to fill? Ben. What tank? Gus. In the lavatory. Here Gus is after knowledge so as to decrease the fear of unknown in himself while, Ben by preventing the thought of danger, does not allow the fear to imprison his mind. This, of course, makes the whole difference. Thus, the desire for knowledge itself causes the final catastrophe (the murder of Gus). If Be n had the knowledge to respond to Gusà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s questions, there would be no conflict at all, and Gus could act more freely, or die knowingly. But life in Pinterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s view, like all other absurdist-existentialist writers, is a big game in which everything happens arbitrarily, and the gun that you have aimed at the other, may suddenly turn back at yourself.